diff --git a/rai/core_test/message.cpp b/rai/core_test/message.cpp
index bb14fc9a..916073d5 100644
--- a/rai/core_test/message.cpp
+++ b/rai/core_test/message.cpp
@@ -76,7 +76,8 @@ TEST (message, publish_serialization)
 TEST (message, confirm_ack_serialization)
 {
     rai::keypair key1;
-    rai::confirm_ack con1 (key1.pub, key1.prv, 0, std::unique_ptr <rai::block> (new rai::send_block (0, 1, 2, key1.prv, 4, 5)));
+	rai::vote vote (key1.pub, key1.prv, 0, std::unique_ptr <rai::block> (new rai::send_block (0, 1, 2, key1.prv, 4, 5)));
+    rai::confirm_ack con1 (vote);
     std::vector <uint8_t> bytes;
     {
         rai::vectorstream stream1 (bytes);
@@ -87,4 +88,4 @@ TEST (message, confirm_ack_serialization)
     rai::confirm_ack con2 (error, stream2);
 	ASSERT_FALSE (error);
     ASSERT_EQ (con1, con2);
-}
\ No newline at end of file
+}
diff --git a/rai/core_test/message_parser.cpp b/rai/core_test/message_parser.cpp
index b25da4fa..51774ed1 100644
--- a/rai/core_test/message_parser.cpp
+++ b/rai/core_test/message_parser.cpp
@@ -59,7 +59,8 @@ TEST (message_parser, exact_confirm_ack_size)
     test_visitor visitor;
     rai::message_parser parser (visitor, system.work);
     auto block (std::unique_ptr <rai::send_block> (new rai::send_block (1, 1, 2, rai::keypair ().prv, 4, system.work.generate (1))));
-    rai::confirm_ack message (0, rai::keypair ().prv, 0, std::move (block));
+	rai::vote vote (0, rai::keypair ().prv, 0, std::move (block));
+    rai::confirm_ack message (vote);
     std::vector <uint8_t> bytes;
     {
         rai::vectorstream stream (bytes);
diff --git a/rai/core_test/network.cpp b/rai/core_test/network.cpp
index 1ed8781c..6ee0278c 100644
--- a/rai/core_test/network.cpp
+++ b/rai/core_test/network.cpp
@@ -270,7 +270,8 @@ TEST (receivable_processor, confirm_insufficient_pos)
 		});
 	}
     rai::keypair key1;
-    rai::confirm_ack con1 (key1.pub, key1.prv, 0, block1.clone ());
+	rai::vote vote (key1.pub, key1.prv, 0, block1.clone ());
+    rai::confirm_ack con1 (vote);
 	node1.process_message (con1, node1.network.endpoint ());
 }
 
@@ -289,7 +290,8 @@ TEST (receivable_processor, confirm_sufficient_pos)
 			node_l->process_confirmed (block_a);
 		});
 	}
-    rai::confirm_ack con1 (rai::test_genesis_key.pub, rai::test_genesis_key.prv, 0, block1.clone ());
+	rai::vote vote (rai::test_genesis_key.pub, rai::test_genesis_key.prv, 0, block1.clone ());
+    rai::confirm_ack con1 (vote);
 	node1.process_message (con1, node1.network.endpoint ());
 }
 
diff --git a/rai/node/common.cpp b/rai/node/common.cpp
index e9f1d567..ec7fb0bd 100644
--- a/rai/node/common.cpp
+++ b/rai/node/common.cpp
@@ -367,9 +367,9 @@ vote (error_a, stream_a, block_type ())
 {
 }
 
-rai::confirm_ack::confirm_ack (rai::account const & account_a, rai::raw_key const & prv_a, uint64_t sequence_a, std::unique_ptr <rai::block> block_a) :
+rai::confirm_ack::confirm_ack (rai::vote & vote_a) :
 message (rai::message_type::confirm_ack),
-vote (account_a, prv_a, sequence_a, std::move (block_a))
+vote (std::move (vote_a))
 {
     block_type_set (vote.block->type ());
 }
diff --git a/rai/node/common.hpp b/rai/node/common.hpp
index 4d06e40a..350bc01f 100644
--- a/rai/node/common.hpp
+++ b/rai/node/common.hpp
@@ -171,7 +171,7 @@ class confirm_ack : public message
 {
 public:
 	confirm_ack (bool &, rai::stream &);
-    confirm_ack (rai::account const &, rai::raw_key const &, uint64_t, std::unique_ptr <rai::block>);
+    confirm_ack (rai::vote &);
     bool deserialize (rai::stream &) override;
     void serialize (rai::stream &) override;
     void visit (rai::message_visitor &) const override;
diff --git a/rai/node/node.cpp b/rai/node/node.cpp
index f41363f7..2bb78c9e 100755
--- a/rai/node/node.cpp
+++ b/rai/node/node.cpp
@@ -1197,7 +1197,13 @@ void rai::gap_cache::purge_old ()
 
 void rai::network::confirm_block (rai::raw_key const & prv, rai::public_key const & pub, std::unique_ptr <rai::block> block_a, uint64_t sequence_a, rai::endpoint const & endpoint_a)
 {
-    rai::confirm_ack confirm (pub, prv, sequence_a, std::move (block_a));
+	rai::vote vote (pub, prv, sequence_a, std::move (block_a));
+	confirm_block (vote, endpoint_a);
+}
+
+void rai::network::confirm_block (rai::vote & vote_a, rai::endpoint const & endpoint_a)
+{
+    rai::confirm_ack confirm (vote_a);
     std::shared_ptr <std::vector <uint8_t>> bytes (new std::vector <uint8_t>);
     {
         rai::vectorstream stream (*bytes);
diff --git a/rai/node/node.hpp b/rai/node/node.hpp
index 68fa4489..c311be86 100644
--- a/rai/node/node.hpp
+++ b/rai/node/node.hpp
@@ -273,6 +273,7 @@ public:
 	void republish (rai::block_hash const &, std::shared_ptr <std::vector <uint8_t>>, rai::endpoint);
     void publish_broadcast (std::vector <rai::peer_information> &, std::unique_ptr <rai::block>);
 	void confirm_block (rai::raw_key const &, rai::public_key const &, std::unique_ptr <rai::block>, uint64_t, rai::endpoint const &);
+	void confirm_block (rai::vote &, rai::endpoint const &);
     void merge_peers (std::array <rai::endpoint, 8> const &);
     void send_keepalive (rai::endpoint const &);
 	void broadcast_confirm_req (rai::block const &);