Refactor kill switch

Signed-off-by: Minecon724 <minecon724@noreply.git.m724.eu>

docs/KILLSWITCH.md

@@ -1,32 +1,34 @@
-Killswitch immediately stops the server.
+Killswitch immediately stops (kills) the server.
 
 ### Warning
-This terminates the server process, meaning it's like you'd pull the power. \
-So you will lose some progress (since the last auto save), or worst case your world (or other data) gets corrupted.
+This terminates the server process (not the OS), meaning it's **like you pulled the power cable.** \
+You lose some progress (since the last auto save), or in the worst case, **data gets corrupted.**
 
-Terminal froze after kill? `reset`
+Terminal froze after kill? Do `reset`
 
-### Over a command
+### By command
 No key is required. \
 `/servkill` is the command. Permission: `tweaks724.servkill`. \
-You must grant the permission manually, like with a permission plugin - it's not automatically assigned even to OPs.
+**You must grant the permission manually** with a permission plugin—it's not automatically assigned, not even to OPs.
 
-### Over HTTP
-HTTP is insecure, meaning others *could* intercept your request to the server and get your key. \
-To encrypt, put this behind a proxy to get HTTPS or a VPN (directly to the server, not a commercial VPN) \
-Or regenerate the key after every usage.
+### Over the internet
+**HTTP is insecure.** The secret key travels in plain text, meaning whoever oversees the path[^1] to your server *could*[^2] intercept your request to the server and get your key. \
+I recommend putting this behind a controlled[^3] VPN, or an HTTPS proxy with good access control. \
+Or regenerate the key every use.
 
-Make a GET request to `/key/<base64 encoded key>`
-
-Example:
+Make a GET request to `/kill/<secret key>`:
 ```
-https://127.0.0.1:57932/key/lNwANMSZhLiTWhNxSoqQ5Q==
-|_   server address   _|   |_ base64 encoded key _|
+GET http://127.0.0.1:57932/kill/lNwANMSZhLiTWhNxSoqQ5Q==
+    |_     endpoint     _|     |_     secret key     _|
 ```
 
-The response is a 404 no matter what. Either way, you will notice that the server has stopped.
+There is no response; the connection is closed immediately, no matter what.[^4]
 
-The key is generated to `plugins/Tweaks724/storage/killswitch key` \
-To use it with HTTP server, encode it to base64.
+The key is in `plugins/Tweaks724/killswitch secret key.txt`. You can provide your own key. The key should be plaintext (not bytes).
 
-Rate limit is 1 request / 5 minutes
+The ratelimit is one request per 2 minutes. **Do not send requests when blocked, it resets the timer!**
+
+[^1]: Typically you, then it's your ISP, maybe its upstream, then the internet backbone (various entities), then your hosting, and finally your server. That's how the Internet works!
+[^2]: Though unlikely
+[^3]: Direct to the server, think WireGuard. Not a commercial offering!
+[^4]: *Stealth*. You will notice that the server has stopped.

src/main/java/eu/m724/tweaks/module/killswitch/KillswitchModule.java

@@ -6,63 +6,59 @@
 
 package eu.m724.tweaks.module.killswitch;
 
-import com.sun.net.httpserver.HttpExchange;
-import com.sun.net.httpserver.HttpHandler;
-import com.sun.net.httpserver.HttpServer;
 import eu.m724.tweaks.DebugLogger;
 import eu.m724.tweaks.module.TweaksModule;
+import eu.m724.tweaks.module.killswitch.server.KillswitchSecureHttpServer;
 import org.bukkit.command.Command;
 import org.bukkit.command.CommandExecutor;
 import org.bukkit.command.CommandSender;
 import org.jetbrains.annotations.NotNull;
 
-import java.io.File;
 import java.io.IOException;
 import java.net.InetSocketAddress;
 import java.nio.file.Files;
+import java.nio.file.Path;
 import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;
 import java.security.SecureRandom;
 import java.util.Base64;
 
-public class KillswitchModule extends TweaksModule implements CommandExecutor, HttpHandler {
-    private final Ratelimit ratelimit = new Ratelimit();
+public class KillswitchModule extends TweaksModule implements CommandExecutor {
+    private String loadSecret(Path file) {
+        String secret;
 
-    private byte[] secret;
-    private String secretEncoded;
-
-    private void loadKey(File file) {
-        if (file.exists()) {
+        if (Files.exists(file)) {
             try {
-                this.secret = Files.readAllBytes(file.toPath());
+                secret = Files.readString(file);
             } catch (IOException e) {
                 throw new RuntimeException("Reading killswitch key", e);
             }
             DebugLogger.fine("Loaded key");
         } else {
-            byte[] buf = new byte[16];
-
             try {
+                byte[] buf = new byte[16];
                 SecureRandom.getInstanceStrong().nextBytes(buf);
-                Files.write(file.toPath(), buf);
+
+                secret = Base64.getEncoder().encodeToString(buf);
+                Files.writeString(file, secret);
             } catch (IOException | NoSuchAlgorithmException e) {
                 throw new RuntimeException("Generating killswitch key", e);
             }
 
-            this.secret = buf;
-            DebugLogger.info("Killswitch key generated and saved to " + file.getPath());
+            DebugLogger.info("Killswitch secret key generated and saved to %s", file);
         }
 
-        this.secretEncoded = Base64.getEncoder().encodeToString(secret);
+        return secret;
     }
 
     @Override
     protected void onInit() {
         registerCommand("servkill", this);
 
-        if (getConfig().killswitchListen() != null) {
-            loadKey(new File(getPlugin().getDataFolder(), "storage/killswitch key"));
+        if (getConfig().killswitchListen() == null) {
+            return;
+        }
 
-            ratelimit.runTaskTimerAsynchronously(getPlugin(), 0, 20 * 300);
+        String secret = loadSecret(getPlugin().getDataFolder().toPath().resolve("killswitch secret key.txt"));
 
         var listenAddress = getConfig().killswitchListen().split(":");
         InetSocketAddress bindAddress;
@@ -72,47 +68,23 @@ public class KillswitchModule extends TweaksModule implements CommandExecutor, H
             bindAddress = new InetSocketAddress(listenAddress[0], Integer.parseInt(listenAddress[1]));
         }
 
-            try {
-                HttpServer server = HttpServer.create(bindAddress, 0);
-                server.createContext("/", this);
-                server.setExecutor(null);
-                server.start();
-                DebugLogger.fine("server started");
-            } catch (IOException e) {
-                throw new RuntimeException("Starting HTTP server", e);
-            }
-        }
+        new KillswitchSecureHttpServer(secret, this::kill).start(bindAddress);
+
+        DebugLogger.fine("HTTP server started");
     }
 
     private void kill() {
+        DebugLogger.info("Killing server on request");
+
         Runtime.getRuntime().halt(0);
     }
 
     @Override
     public boolean onCommand(@NotNull CommandSender sender, @NotNull Command command, @NotNull String label, @NotNull String[] args) {
+        DebugLogger.fine("Kill requested by: %s", sender.getName());
+        sender.sendMessage("Killing server");
+
         kill();
         return true;
     }
-
-    @Override
-    public void handle(HttpExchange exchange) throws IOException {
-        exchange.sendResponseHeaders(404, -1);
-
-        var path = exchange.getRequestURI().getPath();
-        if (!path.startsWith("/key/")) return;
-
-        var address = exchange.getRemoteAddress().getAddress();
-        if (!ratelimit.submitRequest(address)) {
-            DebugLogger.fine(address + " is ratelimited");
-            return;
-        }
-
-        var key = path.substring(5);
-        if (key.equals(secretEncoded)) {
-            DebugLogger.fine("Got a request with valid key");
-            kill();
-        } else {
-            DebugLogger.fine("Got a request with invalid key");
-        }
-    }
 }

src/main/java/eu/m724/tweaks/module/killswitch/Ratelimit.java

@@ -1,26 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright (C) 2025  Minecon724
- * Tweaks724 is licensed under the GNU General Public License. See the LICENSE.md file
- * in the project root for the full license text.
- */
-
-package eu.m724.tweaks.module.killswitch;
-
-import org.bukkit.scheduler.BukkitRunnable;
-
-import java.net.InetAddress;
-import java.util.HashSet;
-import java.util.Set;
-
-public class Ratelimit extends BukkitRunnable {
-    private Set<InetAddress> requests = new HashSet<>();
-
-    boolean submitRequest(InetAddress address) {
-        return requests.add(address);
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    public void run() {
-        requests = new HashSet<>();
-    }
-}

src/main/java/eu/m724/tweaks/module/killswitch/server/KillswitchSecureHttpServer.java

@@ -0,0 +1,84 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2025  Minecon724
+ * Tweaks724 is licensed under the GNU General Public License. See the LICENSE.md file
+ * in the project root for the full license text.
+ */
+
+package eu.m724.tweaks.module.killswitch.server;
+
+import com.sun.net.httpserver.HttpExchange;
+import com.sun.net.httpserver.HttpHandler;
+import com.sun.net.httpserver.HttpServer;
+import eu.m724.tweaks.DebugLogger;
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.net.InetAddress;
+import java.net.InetSocketAddress;
+import java.time.Duration;
+import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
+
+public class KillswitchSecureHttpServer implements HttpHandler {
+    private static final String PATH_PREFIX = "/kill/";
+
+    private final Ratelimit ratelimit;
+
+    private final String secret;
+    private final Runnable onTrigger;
+
+    public KillswitchSecureHttpServer(String secret, Runnable onTrigger) {
+        this.secret = secret;
+        this.onTrigger = onTrigger;
+
+        this.ratelimit = new Ratelimit(Duration.ofMinutes(2), 1);
+    }
+
+    public void start(InetSocketAddress bindAddress) {
+        HttpServer httpServer;
+        try {
+            httpServer = HttpServer.create(bindAddress, 0);
+        } catch (IOException e) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("Creating HTTP server", e);
+        }
+
+        httpServer.createContext("/", this);
+        httpServer.setExecutor(Executors.newVirtualThreadPerTaskExecutor());
+        httpServer.start();
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void handle(HttpExchange exchange) {
+        exchange.close();
+
+        InetAddress clientAddress = exchange.getRemoteAddress().getAddress();
+
+        if (!ratelimit.makeRequest(clientAddress)) {
+            logWithIp(clientAddress, "Ratelimited");
+            return;
+        }
+
+        String path = exchange.getRequestURI().getRawPath();
+
+        if (!path.startsWith(PATH_PREFIX)) {
+            logWithIp(clientAddress, "Wrong path");
+            return;
+        }
+
+        String key = path.substring(PATH_PREFIX.length());
+
+        if (key.equals(secret)) {
+            logWithIpFine(clientAddress, "Correct key");
+            onTrigger.run();
+        } else {
+            logWithIp(clientAddress, "Invalid key");
+        }
+    }
+
+    private void logWithIpFine(InetAddress address, String message, Object... format) {
+        DebugLogger.fine("[Remote %s] %s", address.getHostAddress(), message, format);
+    }
+
+    private void logWithIp(InetAddress address, String message, Object... format) {
+        DebugLogger.finer("[Remote %s] %s", address.getHostAddress(), message, format);
+    }
+
+}

src/main/java/eu/m724/tweaks/module/killswitch/server/Ratelimit.java

@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2025  Minecon724
+ * Tweaks724 is licensed under the GNU General Public License. See the LICENSE.md file
+ * in the project root for the full license text.
+ */
+
+package eu.m724.tweaks.module.killswitch.server;
+
+import com.google.common.cache.CacheBuilder;
+import com.google.common.cache.CacheLoader;
+import com.google.common.cache.LoadingCache;
+
+import java.net.InetAddress;
+import java.time.Duration;
+import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicInteger;
+
+public class Ratelimit {
+    private final Duration blockDuration;
+    private final int requestsAllowed;
+
+    private final LoadingCache<InetAddress, AtomicInteger> requestCounts;
+
+    public Ratelimit(Duration blockDuration, int requestsAllowed) {
+        this.blockDuration = blockDuration;
+        this.requestsAllowed = requestsAllowed;
+
+        this.requestCounts = CacheBuilder.newBuilder()
+                .expireAfterWrite(blockDuration)
+                .build(CacheLoader.from(key -> new AtomicInteger(0)));
+    }
+
+    boolean makeRequest(InetAddress address) {
+        AtomicInteger requestCount = this.requestCounts.getUnchecked(address);
+
+        return requestCount.getAndIncrement() < requestsAllowed;
+    }
+}