diff --git a/nano/core_test/toml.cpp b/nano/core_test/toml.cpp
index 204e40c13..886461df6 100644
--- a/nano/core_test/toml.cpp
+++ b/nano/core_test/toml.cpp
@@ -264,6 +264,8 @@ TEST (toml, daemon_config_deserialize_defaults)
 	ASSERT_EQ (conf.node.vote_processor.max_pr_queue, defaults.node.vote_processor.max_pr_queue);
 	ASSERT_EQ (conf.node.vote_processor.max_non_pr_queue, defaults.node.vote_processor.max_non_pr_queue);
 	ASSERT_EQ (conf.node.vote_processor.pr_priority, defaults.node.vote_processor.pr_priority);
+	ASSERT_EQ (conf.node.vote_processor.threads, defaults.node.vote_processor.threads);
+	ASSERT_EQ (conf.node.vote_processor.batch_size, defaults.node.vote_processor.batch_size);
 
 	ASSERT_EQ (conf.node.bootstrap_server.max_queue, defaults.node.bootstrap_server.max_queue);
 	ASSERT_EQ (conf.node.bootstrap_server.threads, defaults.node.bootstrap_server.threads);
@@ -561,6 +563,8 @@ TEST (toml, daemon_config_deserialize_no_defaults)
 	max_pr_queue = 999
 	max_non_pr_queue = 999
 	pr_priority = 999
+	threads = 999
+	batch_size = 999
 
 	[node.bootstrap_server]
 	max_queue = 999
@@ -715,6 +719,8 @@ TEST (toml, daemon_config_deserialize_no_defaults)
 	ASSERT_NE (conf.node.vote_processor.max_pr_queue, defaults.node.vote_processor.max_pr_queue);
 	ASSERT_NE (conf.node.vote_processor.max_non_pr_queue, defaults.node.vote_processor.max_non_pr_queue);
 	ASSERT_NE (conf.node.vote_processor.pr_priority, defaults.node.vote_processor.pr_priority);
+	ASSERT_NE (conf.node.vote_processor.threads, defaults.node.vote_processor.threads);
+	ASSERT_NE (conf.node.vote_processor.batch_size, defaults.node.vote_processor.batch_size);
 
 	ASSERT_NE (conf.node.bootstrap_server.max_queue, defaults.node.bootstrap_server.max_queue);
 	ASSERT_NE (conf.node.bootstrap_server.threads, defaults.node.bootstrap_server.threads);
diff --git a/nano/node/fair_queue.hpp b/nano/node/fair_queue.hpp
index 52bdcc34d..1a8561d6f 100644
--- a/nano/node/fair_queue.hpp
+++ b/nano/node/fair_queue.hpp
@@ -188,16 +188,13 @@ public:
 
 	size_t size () const
 	{
-		return std::accumulate (queues.begin (), queues.end (), 0, [] (size_t total, auto const & queue) {
-			return total + queue.second.size ();
-		});
+		debug_assert (total_size == calculate_total_size ());
+		return total_size;
 	};
 
 	bool empty () const
 	{
-		return std::all_of (queues.begin (), queues.end (), [] (auto const & queue) {
-			return queue.second.empty ();
-		});
+		return size () == 0;
 	}
 
 	size_t queues_size () const
@@ -248,7 +245,12 @@ public:
 		release_assert (it != queues.end ());
 
 		auto & queue = it->second;
-		return queue.push (std::move (request)); // True if added, false if dropped
+		bool added = queue.push (std::move (request)); // True if added, false if dropped
+		if (added)
+		{
+			++total_size;
+		}
+		return added;
 	}
 
 public:
@@ -261,25 +263,7 @@ public:
 public:
 	value_type next ()
 	{
-		debug_assert (!empty ()); // Should be checked before calling next
-
-		auto should_seek = [&, this] () {
-			if (iterator == queues.end ())
-			{
-				return true;
-			}
-			auto & queue = iterator->second;
-			if (queue.empty ())
-			{
-				return true;
-			}
-			// Allow up to `queue.priority` requests to be processed before moving to the next queue
-			if (counter >= queue.priority)
-			{
-				return true;
-			}
-			return false;
-		};
+		release_assert (!empty ()); // Should be checked before calling next
 
 		if (should_seek ())
 		{
@@ -292,14 +276,17 @@ public:
 		auto & queue = iterator->second;
 
 		++counter;
+		--total_size;
+
 		return { queue.pop (), source };
 	}
 
 	std::deque<value_type> next_batch (size_t max_count)
 	{
-		// TODO: Naive implementation, could be optimized
+		auto const count = std::min (size (), max_count);
+
 		std::deque<value_type> result;
-		while (!empty () && result.size () < max_count)
+		while (result.size () < count)
 		{
 			result.emplace_back (next ());
 		}
@@ -307,6 +294,25 @@ public:
 	}
 
 private:
+	bool should_seek () const
+	{
+		if (iterator == queues.end ())
+		{
+			return true;
+		}
+		auto & queue = iterator->second;
+		if (queue.empty ())
+		{
+			return true;
+		}
+		// Allow up to `queue.priority` requests to be processed before moving to the next queue
+		if (counter >= queue.priority)
+		{
+			return true;
+		}
+		return false;
+	}
+
 	void seek_next ()
 	{
 		counter = 0;
@@ -329,6 +335,7 @@ private:
 		// Invalidate the current iterator
 		iterator = queues.end ();
 
+		// Only removing empty queues, no need to update the `total size` counter
 		erase_if (queues, [] (auto const & entry) {
 			return entry.second.empty () && !entry.first.alive ();
 		});
@@ -343,15 +350,24 @@ private:
 		}
 	}
 
+	size_t calculate_total_size () const
+	{
+		return std::accumulate (queues.begin (), queues.end (), size_t{ 0 }, [] (size_t total, auto const & queue) {
+			return total + queue.second.size ();
+		});
+	}
+
 private:
 	std::map<origin_entry, entry> queues;
 	typename std::map<origin_entry, entry>::iterator iterator{ queues.end () };
 	size_t counter{ 0 };
 
+	size_t total_size{ 0 };
+
 	std::chrono::steady_clock::time_point last_update{};
 
 public:
-	std::unique_ptr<container_info_component> collect_container_info (std::string const & name)
+	std::unique_ptr<container_info_component> collect_container_info (std::string const & name) const
 	{
 		auto composite = std::make_unique<container_info_composite> (name);
 		composite->add_component (std::make_unique<container_info_leaf> (container_info{ "queues", queues_size (), sizeof (typename decltype (queues)::value_type) }));
diff --git a/nano/node/vote_processor.cpp b/nano/node/vote_processor.cpp
index 222ecd9d6..40dc22370 100644
--- a/nano/node/vote_processor.cpp
+++ b/nano/node/vote_processor.cpp
@@ -60,18 +60,20 @@ nano::vote_processor::vote_processor (vote_processor_config const & config_a, na
 
 nano::vote_processor::~vote_processor ()
 {
-	// Thread must be stopped before destruction
-	debug_assert (!thread.joinable ());
+	debug_assert (threads.empty ());
 }
 
 void nano::vote_processor::start ()
 {
-	debug_assert (!thread.joinable ());
+	debug_assert (threads.empty ());
 
-	thread = std::thread{ [this] () {
-		nano::thread_role::set (nano::thread_role::name::vote_processing);
-		run ();
-	} };
+	for (int n = 0; n < config.threads; ++n)
+	{
+		threads.emplace_back ([this] () {
+			nano::thread_role::set (nano::thread_role::name::vote_processing);
+			run ();
+		});
+	}
 }
 
 void nano::vote_processor::stop ()
@@ -81,10 +83,12 @@ void nano::vote_processor::stop ()
 		stopped = true;
 	}
 	condition.notify_all ();
-	if (thread.joinable ())
+
+	for (auto & thread : threads)
 	{
 		thread.join ();
 	}
+	threads.clear ();
 }
 
 bool nano::vote_processor::vote (std::shared_ptr<nano::vote> const & vote, std::shared_ptr<nano::transport::channel> const & channel)
@@ -103,7 +107,7 @@ bool nano::vote_processor::vote (std::shared_ptr<nano::vote> const & vote, std::
 		stats.inc (nano::stat::type::vote_processor, nano::stat::detail::process);
 		stats.inc (nano::stat::type::vote_processor_tier, to_stat_detail (tier));
 
-		condition.notify_all ();
+		condition.notify_one ();
 	}
 	else
 	{
@@ -124,13 +128,12 @@ void nano::vote_processor::run ()
 		{
 			run_batch (lock);
 			debug_assert (!lock.owns_lock ());
-
 			lock.lock ();
 		}
-
-		condition.wait (lock, [&] {
-			return stopped || !queue.empty ();
-		});
+		else
+		{
+			condition.wait (lock, [&] { return stopped || !queue.empty (); });
+		}
 	}
 }
 
@@ -141,9 +144,9 @@ void nano::vote_processor::run_batch (nano::unique_lock<nano::mutex> & lock)
 	debug_assert (!queue.empty ());
 
 	nano::timer<std::chrono::milliseconds> timer;
+	timer.start ();
 
-	size_t const max_batch_size = 1024 * 4;
-	auto batch = queue.next_batch (max_batch_size);
+	auto batch = queue.next_batch (config.batch_size);
 
 	lock.unlock ();
 
@@ -154,7 +157,7 @@ void nano::vote_processor::run_batch (nano::unique_lock<nano::mutex> & lock)
 
 	total_processed += batch.size ();
 
-	if (batch.size () == max_batch_size && timer.stop () > 100ms)
+	if (batch.size () == config.batch_size && timer.stop () > 100ms)
 	{
 		logger.debug (nano::log::type::vote_processor, "Processed {} votes in {} milliseconds (rate of {} votes per second)",
 		batch.size (),
@@ -206,13 +209,11 @@ bool nano::vote_processor::empty () const
 
 std::unique_ptr<nano::container_info_component> nano::vote_processor::collect_container_info (std::string const & name) const
 {
-	std::size_t votes_count;
-	{
-		nano::lock_guard<nano::mutex> guard{ mutex };
-		votes_count = queue.size ();
-	}
+	nano::lock_guard<nano::mutex> guard{ mutex };
+
 	auto composite = std::make_unique<container_info_composite> (name);
-	composite->add_component (std::make_unique<container_info_leaf> (container_info{ "votes", votes_count, sizeof (decltype (queue)::value_type) }));
+	composite->add_component (std::make_unique<container_info_leaf> (container_info{ "votes", queue.size (), sizeof (decltype (queue)::value_type) }));
+	composite->add_component (queue.collect_container_info ("queue"));
 	return composite;
 }
 
@@ -225,6 +226,8 @@ nano::error nano::vote_processor_config::serialize (nano::tomlconfig & toml) con
 	toml.put ("max_pr_queue", max_pr_queue, "Maximum number of votes to queue from principal representatives. \ntype:uint64");
 	toml.put ("max_non_pr_queue", max_non_pr_queue, "Maximum number of votes to queue from non-principal representatives. \ntype:uint64");
 	toml.put ("pr_priority", pr_priority, "Priority for votes from principal representatives. Higher priority gets processed more frequently. Non-principal representatives have a baseline priority of 1. \ntype:uint64");
+	toml.put ("threads", threads, "Number of threads to use for processing votes. \ntype:uint64");
+	toml.put ("batch_size", batch_size, "Maximum number of votes to process in a single batch. \ntype:uint64");
 
 	return toml.get_error ();
 }
@@ -234,6 +237,8 @@ nano::error nano::vote_processor_config::deserialize (nano::tomlconfig & toml)
 	toml.get ("max_pr_queue", max_pr_queue);
 	toml.get ("max_non_pr_queue", max_non_pr_queue);
 	toml.get ("pr_priority", pr_priority);
+	toml.get ("threads", threads);
+	toml.get ("batch_size", batch_size);
 
 	return toml.get_error ();
 }
diff --git a/nano/node/vote_processor.hpp b/nano/node/vote_processor.hpp
index 2f2d6b4f0..43659cff0 100644
--- a/nano/node/vote_processor.hpp
+++ b/nano/node/vote_processor.hpp
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 #pragma once
 
 #include <nano/lib/numbers.hpp>
+#include <nano/lib/threading.hpp>
 #include <nano/lib/utility.hpp>
 #include <nano/node/fair_queue.hpp>
 #include <nano/node/rep_tiers.hpp>
@@ -48,6 +49,8 @@ public:
 	size_t max_pr_queue{ 256 };
 	size_t max_non_pr_queue{ 32 };
 	size_t pr_priority{ 3 };
+	size_t threads{ std::min (4u, nano::hardware_concurrency () / 2) };
+	size_t batch_size{ 1024 };
 };
 
 class vote_processor final
@@ -93,6 +96,6 @@ private:
 	bool stopped{ false };
 	nano::condition_variable condition;
 	mutable nano::mutex mutex{ mutex_identifier (mutexes::vote_processor) };
-	std::thread thread;
+	std::vector<std::thread> threads;
 };
 }